Watering Equipment

A livestock carrier, as the name suggests, is a large ship used in the long distance transport of sheep, cattle and goats. They are specially built new or converted from container ships. more...

Home
Fresh Flowers & Indoor...
Furniture & Décor
Patio, Lawn & Garden
Backyard Birding
Gardening Tools
Heating & Lighting
Leisure & Fitness
Mower & Power Tool...
Mowers & Tractors
Outdoor Cooking
Outdoor Décor
Outdoor Power Tools
Outdoor Storage & Carts
Patio Furniture
Pest Control
Plants & Planting
Snow Removal
Sprayers & Spreaders
Watering Equipment
$1 - $25
$25 - $50
$50 - $100
$100 - $250
$250 - $500
Weather Instruments

Livestock carriers

Seagoing vessels modified or purpose-built for the transportation of live animals.

Subject to appropriate regulation, live animals may be transported as part of the cargo on various classes of ship. That particular method of transportation is more common on short sea crossings (e.g. ferries) and usually involves relatively small numbers of animals. Livestock carriers are those ships, which specialise exclusively in the transportation of large numbers of live animals together with their requirements for the voyage. (food, water, sawdust bedding, medication, etc.). Voyages on livestock carriers are often of longer duration - typically three to four weeks.

Main sub-types of livestock carriers

Open livestock carriers - in which all, or most, of the animal pens are installed on open decks. In theory, this provides continuous natural ventilation of the pen areas and avoids reliance on mechanical ventilation systems.;

(Ventilation is a key factor in the transport of live animals. When animal pens become poorly ventilated, oxygen depletion and a build-up of toxic gases, develops very rapidly. Circumstances vary according to ambient conditions but a failure of ventilation systems in some tropical conditions could result in extensive asphyxiation of animals, in as little as two or three hours.) In practice, natural ventilation alone isn't adequate for all situations. One obvious limiting factor would be in following wind conditions at sea, when the air moves at the same speed as the ship. In that condition, the natural air flow ventilating the animal pens could be insufficient. On most open livestock carriers, there is also some type of supplementary mechanical ventilation installed in critical zones, along with appropriate back-up equipment for emergencies.

Closed livestock carriers - in which more or less all of the animals pens are located within the holds and internal decks of the ship.;

This has the advantage of providing a more controlled environment in which the animals and their feeding and watering arrangements are sheltered from adverse weather. However, ventilation is almost entirely dependent on mechanical systems on 'closed' livestock carriers and construction rules require specific ventilation standards for the internal spaces. These usually stipulate the minimum number of air changes per hour. Regulations also require back-up systems and auxiliary power arrangements on those ships which are separate from the main engine room. This is to ensure that adequate ventilation, lighting, watering and feeding can be maintained, for the animals, in the event of fire or machinery failure in the main engine spaces.

Read more at Wikipedia.org